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IRS Issues Final Rules on Performance-Based Compensation

By Sally P. Schreiber, J.D.

Please note: This item is from our archives and was published in 2015. It is provided for historical reference. The content may be out of date and links may no longer function.

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The IRS finalized proposed regulations issued in 2011 regarding the exception under Sec. 162(m)(4)(c) to the $1 million deduction limitation for compensation paid by publicly held corporations to covered employees (T.D. 9716).

Regs. Sec. 1.162-27(e)(2)(vi)(A) clarifies that the plan under which an option or stock appreciation right is granted must state “the maximum number of shares with respect to which options or rights may be granted during a specified period to any individual [emphasis added] employee” (per-employee limitation requirement). The earlier regulations had specified that the requirement applied “to any employee.”

In response to comments to the proposed regulations, the final version of Regs. Sec. 1.162-27(e)(2)(vi)(A) provides that a plan satisfies the per-employee limitation requirement if the plan specifies an aggregate maximum number of shares with respect to which stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (RSU), and other equity-based awards can be granted to any individual employee during a specified period under a plan the shareholders approved as required by Regs. Sec. 1.162-27(e)(4). In the proposed regulations, this rule mentioned only stock options and stock appreciation rights.

Finally, the regulations clarify the application of the transition rule in Regs. Sec. 1.162-27(f)(1), which provides that when a corporation becomes publicly held, the Sec. 162(m) deduction limitation does not apply to any remuneration paid pursuant to a compensation plan or agreement that existed during the period in which the corporation was not publicly held. Under the final regulations, the transition rule applies to all compensation other than compensation specifically identified in Regs. Sec. 1.162-27(f)(3).

Therefore, compensation payable under an RSU is eligible for transition relief only if it is paid, and not merely granted, before the earliest of the events specified in Regs. Sec. 1.162-27(f)(2).This clarification applies to remuneration otherwise deductible under an RSU that is granted on or after April 1, 2015.

Other than the transition rule for RSUs, the final rules apply to compensation attributable to stock options or stock appreciation rights granted on or after June 24, 2011, the date the proposed regulations were published (REG-137125-08).